热处理温度对碳纤维增强聚酰亚胺复合材料性能影响
于广，魏化震，李大勇，高守臻，罗长宏，马开宝，王晓立
山东非金属材料研究所，济南 250031
Effect of Heat Treatment Temperature on Properties of Polyimide/Carbon Fiber Composites
Yu Guang, Wei Huazhen, Li Dayong, Gao Shouzhen, Luo Changhong, Ma Kaibao, Wang Xiaoli
Shandong Institute of Non-metallic Materials, Jinan 250031, China
摘要：利用模压法制备了碳纤维增强聚酰亚胺(PI/CF)复合材料，然后分别在300，350，400，450℃下对PI/CF复合材料进行1 h热处理。采用电子拉力机、光学显微镜、动态热机械分析仪和热重分析仪研究了PI/CF复合材料的力学性能、断面形貌、动态热机械性能和热稳定性能。结果表明，相比于未经热处理的PI/CF复合材料，热处理后复合材料的常温拉伸性能略有降低，常温弯曲性能略有提高，常温层间剪切强度可提高9.2%；400℃拉伸强度可提高21.1%，400℃拉伸弹性模量可提高9.4%，400℃弯曲强度可提高21.8%，400℃弯曲弹性模量可提高12.2%，400℃层间剪切强度可提高24.9%；玻璃化转变温度由354℃提高到440℃；起始热分解温度由550.4℃提高到573.9℃。
Abstract：The polyimide/carbon fiber (PI/CF) composite was prepared by the compression molding method, and then PI/CF composite was heat-treated at 300℃, 350℃, 400℃, and 450℃ for 1 h. The mechanical properties, cross-sectional morphology, dynamic thermomechanical properties and thermal stability of PI/CF composites were studied using an electronic tensile machine, optical microscope, dynamic thermomechanical analyzer and thermogravimetric analyzer. The results show that compared with unheated carbon fiber/polyimide composites, the tensile properties at room temperature of the composites after heat treatment are slightly reduced, the bending properties at room temperature are slightly improved, and the interlaminar shear strength at room temperature can be increased by 9.2%. The tensile strength at 400℃can be increased by 21.1%, the tensile modulus at 400℃ can be increased by 9.4%, the bending strength at 400℃can be increased by 21.8%, the bending modulus at 400℃ can be increased by 12.2%, and the interlaminar shear strength at 400℃ can be increased by 24.9%. Glass transition temperature increased from 354℃to 440℃. Initial thermal decomposition temperature can be increased from 550.4℃to 573.9℃.
关键词：碳纤维；聚酰亚胺；复合材料；热处理温度；耐高温性能
Keywords：carbon fiber; polyimide; composites; heat treatment temperature; high temperature resistance
本文引用格式：
于广，魏化震，李大勇，等.热处理温度对碳纤维增强聚酰亚胺复合材料性能影响[J].工程塑料应用，2020，48(6)：62-67.
Yu Guang，Wei Huazhen，Li Dayong，et al. Effect of heat treatment temperature on the properties of polyimide/carbon fiber composites[J].Engineering Plastics Application，2020，48(6)：62-67.
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