基于GA优化的模糊PID塑料挤出机温度控制系统设计
孟锦涛，国海，王磊，张帝
安徽科技学院电气与电子工程学院，安徽蚌埠 233100
Design of Fuzzy PID Temperature Control System for Plastic Extruder based on GA Optimization
Meng Jintao, Guo Hai, Wang Lei, Zhang Di
School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Bengbu 233100,China
摘要：在塑料挤出机生产加工过程中，温度的响应速度和稳定性是影响塑料产品质量的关键因素。为解决塑料挤出机温度系统存在滞后性 、高超调量和抗干扰能力低等问题，在传统比例-积分-微分(PID)控制方式和模糊 PID 控制方式的研究基础上，提出基于遗传算法优化的模糊 PID 塑料挤出机温度控制系统。新系统设计结合了塑料挤出机的主要结构功能和工艺参数，对塑料挤出机模糊 PID 控制系统参数进行优化，应用遗传算法对模糊控制器隶属函数进行动态优化，降低模糊规则的主观和盲目性。此外还利用 MATLAB 与 Simulink 环境进行仿真，通过 3 组控制方式的仿真波形曲线对比分析得出，基于遗传算法(GA)优化的模糊 PID 在控制效果方面优于模糊 PID 控制和传统 PID 控制，且其控制系统无超调、上升时间短、抗干扰能力强。因此基于 GA 优化的模糊 PID 塑料挤出机温度控制系统稳定性更强、温度控制精度更高，满足了塑料挤出机对温度控制精度的要求。
Abstract：During the production and processing of plastic extruder, the response speed and stability of temperature are the key factors affecting the quality of plastic products. In order to solve the problems of hysteresis, high overshoot and low anti-interference ability of the plastic extruder temperature system, based on the research of traditional proportion integration differentiation (PID) control and fuzzy PID control, a fuzzy PID temperature control system for plastic extruder was proposed based on genetic algorithm. optimization The new system design combines the main structural functions and process parameters of the plastic extruder, The parameters of the fuzzy PID control system of the plastic extruder were optimized, and the membership function of the fuzzy controller was dynamically optimized by genetic algorithm to reduce the subjectivity and blindness of the fuzzy rules. In addition, MATLAB and Simulink were used for simulation. Through the comparative analysis of the simulation waveform curved of three groups of control modes, it was concluded that the fuzzy PID control based on genetic algorithm optimization was superior to the fuzzy PID control and traditional PID control in control effect, and its control system has no overshoot, short rise time and strong anti-interference ability. Therefore, the fuzzy-PID temperature control system of plastic extruder based on GA optimization has stronger stability and higher temperature control accuracy, which meets the requirements of plastic extruder for temperature control accuracy.
关键词：遗传算法；稳定控制；温度精度；塑料挤出机；模糊比例-积分-微分
Keywords：genetic algorithm; stability control; temperature accuracy; plastic extruder; fuzzy proportion integrationdifferentiation
基金：安徽省自然科学基金项目(2208085MF169)，安徽省教育厅自然基金重大项目(2022AH040234)
本文引用格式：
孟锦涛，国海，王磊，等.基于GA优化的模糊PID塑料挤出机温度控制系统设计[J].工程塑料应用，2023，51(4)：84?90.
Meng Jintao，Guo Hai，Wang Lei，et al. Design of fuzzy PID temperature control system for plastic extruder based on GA optimization[J].Engineering Plastics Application，2023，51(4)：84?90.
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