ABS/废弃PCB环氧树脂复合材料的制备及性能
徐豪，胡棚，彭湘红，蔡少君
江汉大学光电材料与技术学院，武汉 430056
Preparation and Properties of ABS/Waste PCB Epoxy Resin Composites
Xu Hao, Hu Peng, Peng Xianghong, Cai Shaojun
School of Optoelectronic Materials & Technology,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China
摘要：将废弃印刷电路板中的环氧树脂(EP) 非金属粉末(废弃 EP)添加到丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯塑料(ABS) 中，通过熔融共混法制得 ABS/废弃 EP 复合材料。通过反应挤出法制得马来酸酐接枝 ABS (ABS-g-MAH)，利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪证明了 ABS-g-MAH 成功制备。将 ABS-g-MAH 作为增容剂添加到 ABS/废弃 EP 复合材料中，分别对所得复合材料的拉伸性能、弯曲性能 、冲击性能 、硬度 、热稳定性和微观形貌进行了测试和表征 。结果表明，未加增容剂时 ，ABS/废弃 EP 复合材料的拉伸强度随 EP 用量的增加先升高后降低，弯曲强度随 EP 用量的增加而提高，但断裂伸长率 、缺口冲击强度和硬度与纯 ABS 相比均有明显下降 ；在 EP 的改性和增容剂的作用下，复合材料的综合力学性能明显提高，其中，添加 10 份 ABS-g-MAH 和 30 份 EP 的 ABS/废弃 EP 复合材料的拉伸强度比纯 ABS 提高 19.1%，弯曲强度提高 21.6%，硬度提高 12.2%；EP 的加入使 ABS/废弃 EP 复合材料的初始分解温度总体上有所降低 ，但仍大于350℃，ABS-g-MAH 对复合材料热稳定性影响较小；通过扫描电子显微镜观测发现，增容剂的加入可以改善 ABS 基体与 EP 粉末中玻璃纤维的相容性，使玻璃纤维在 ABS 中的分布更加均匀。
Abstract：Epoxy resin (EP) nonmetal powders from waste printed circuit boards (abbreviation waste EP) were added into acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic (ABS), the ABS/waste EP composites were prepared by melt blending. Maleic anhydride grafted ABS (ABS-g-MAH) was prepared by reactive extrusion. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to prove the successful preparation of ABS-g-MAH. Then, ABS-g-MAH as a compatibilizer was added into ABS/waste EP composites, and the tensile properties, bending properties, impact properties, hardness, thermal stability and microstructure of the composites were tested and characterized respectively. The results show that when no compatibilizer is added, with the increase of EP content, the tensile strength of ABS/waste EP composite first increases and then decreases and the bending strength increases, but the elongation at break, notched impact strength and hardness of ABS/waste EP composite decrease significantly compared with pure ABS. The comprehensive mechanical properties of the composites are obviously improved with the modification of EP and the effect of compatibilizer. Compared with pure ABS, the tensile strength, bending strength and hardness of ABS/waste EP composite with 10 phr ABS-g-MAH and 30 phr EP are increased by 19.1%, 21.6% and 12.2%, respectively. The addition of EP generally reduces the initial decomposition temperature of ABS/waste EP composite, but the temperature is still higher than 350℃. The influence of ABSg-MAH on the thermal stability of the composite is relatively small. It is found by scanning electron microscopy that the compatibilizer can improve the compatibility between ABS and the glass fiber in EP powders, and made the glass fiber distribute in ABS more evenly.
关键词：废弃印刷电路板；废弃环氧树脂；丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯塑料；增容剂；共混改性
Keywords：waste printed circuit boards; waste epoxy resin; acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic; compatibilizer; blend‐ing modification
基金：湖北省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202211072038)
本文引用格式：
徐豪，胡棚，彭湘红，等.ABS/废弃PCB环氧树脂复合材料的制备及性能[J].工程塑料应用，2023，51(10)：31-36.
Xu Hao，Hu Peng，Peng Xianghong，et al. Preparation and properties of ABS/waste PCB epoxy resin composites[J]. Engineering PlasticsApplication，2023，51(10)：31-36.
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